The importance of kinesiology taping
What is kinesiology taping?
Kinesiology taping is a therapeutic method that uses elastic cotton strips applied to the skin. These strips are stretchable and allow freedom of movement to be maintained while at the same time providing support and stability. Kinesiology taping is often used to treat sports injuries, muscle pain and joint complaints.
Key characteristics:
- Material: elastic cotton
- Stretch: up to 140 per cent of its original length
- Application: applied to the skin
- Benefit: support, stability, pain relief
For more information on indications and possible applications, see our areas of specialisation.
How does kinesiology taping work?
The principle of kinesiology taping is based on lifting the skin, which increases the space between the skin and the muscles. This lift promotes circulation and lymphatic flow, which helps to reduce swelling and inflammation. Depending on how it is applied, the tape can either support or inhibit muscle activity.
Mechanisms of action and their effects:
- Mechanical support – stabilisation of joints
- Lifting of the skin – improved lymphatic flow and circulation
- Muscle activation or inhibition – adjustment of muscle tension
More details on how it works functionally can be found on our pages about shoulder arthroscopy and shoulder stabilisation surgery.
Indications for kinesiology taping
Kinesiology taping has a wide range of applications and can help with various complaints and injuries. These are the most important indications for the use of kinesiology tape:
Pain reduction
Kinesiology taping can make an effective contribution to pain relief. The particular application technique lifts the skin slightly, which can relieve pressure and improve circulation. This reduces pain and supports healing. Kinesiology tape is often used for the following types of pain:
- Back pain
- Joint pain
- Muscle pain
For further information on pain treatment, you can read our articles on shoulder pain or surgery for epicondylitis.
Support for the joints
Kinesiology tape provides mechanical support for joints and can increase their stability without restricting freedom of movement. This support is particularly useful in the case of injuries or weakness in certain joints. Kinesiology taping can help with the following joint problems:
- AC joint separation
- Knee injuries
- Ankle injuries
Level of support provided by kinesiology taping for different joint problems:
- AC joint separation – high
- Knee injury – medium
- Ankle injury – high
Improving muscle function
Another important area of application for kinesiology taping is improving muscle function. The tape can support muscle contraction while at the same time helping to prevent overload. It is frequently used in sports medicine to enhance performance and prevent injuries.
- Support for weakened muscles
- Relief of muscle tension
- Promotion of muscle regeneration
For more on muscle function and regeneration, read our articles on tendon therapy and sports medicine advice.
Kinesiology taping is a versatile method of supporting the musculoskeletal system and can be helpful in many areas of orthopaedics and sports medicine.
Applying kinesiology tape
Preparing the skin
Careful preparation of the skin is crucial so that the kinesiology tape adheres properly and can take effect. The skin should be clean, dry and free of oils or lotions. If the area is very hairy, it is advisable to shave or trim the hair to ensure better adhesion and avoid skin irritation.
- Cleaning: wash the skin with mild soap and water.
- Drying: allow the skin to dry completely.
- Hair removal: shave or trim the hair if necessary.
Applying the tape
Applying kinesiology tape takes a little practice to achieve the desired results. It is important that the tape is applied without creases or bubbles. As a rule, the tape is applied close to a joint or muscle that needs support.
- Cut the required length of tape.
- Carefully remove the backing paper without touching the adhesive.
- Place the middle of the tape on the affected area and press it down firmly.
- Pull the tape gently at the ends to stretch it, and apply it along the muscle or joint.
- Rub the tape lightly to activate the adhesive.
Further details on application and the different techniques can be found in our section on shoulder pain.
Wearing time and care instructions
The wearing time of kinesiology tape can vary, but as a rule it depends on the individual treatment and level of activity. Some general guidelines:
- Wearing time: 3 to 5 days
- Shower-proof: yes, but dry thoroughly afterwards
Care instructions:
- Avoid excessive sweating immediately after application.
- Wash as usual when showering, then dry the tape carefully rather than rubbing it.
- If the tape starts to come away at the edges, you can trim it with scissors instead of pulling it off.
Correct application and care of kinesiology tape are essential factors for successful treatment. Further information on combining kinesiology taping with other therapies can be found in our section on manual lymphatic drainage.
How kinesiology taping works
Mechanical support
Kinesiology taping provides mechanical support without restricting freedom of movement. The elastic properties of the tape make it possible to stabilise muscles and joints without impairing natural movement. This is particularly beneficial for sports injuries and can support the healing process. The tape lifts the skin slightly, which can reduce pressure on the structures beneath.
Activating the lymphatic system
Another important aspect of kinesiology taping is the activation of the lymphatic system. Lifting the skin promotes lymphatic flow, which helps to reduce fluid build-up and swelling. This is especially helpful after injuries or operations, to speed up healing and restore mobility.
- Lifting of the skin – improved lymphatic flow
- Reduction of pressure – reduction of swelling
Improved circulation
Applying kinesiology tape can also improve circulation. The slight lifting of the skin and the associated reduction of pressure points support better blood flow in the affected areas. This can increase the supply of oxygen and nutrients to injured muscles and tissue, thereby promoting recovery.
Visit our pages on sports medicine advice and sports injuries to learn more about further treatment options. More on combining kinesiology taping with other therapeutic methods can be found in our articles on manual lymphatic drainage and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).
With these varied mechanisms of action, kinesiology taping plays an important role in osteoarthritis therapy as well as in the treatment of bone fractures.
Kinesiology taping versus conventional bandages
Flexibility and freedom of movement
Compared with conventional bandages, kinesiology taping offers considerable advantages in terms of flexibility and freedom of movement. While traditional bandages are often restrictive and can impede movement, kinesiology tapes are designed to move with the skin. This greater freedom of movement allows patients to continue their normal activities while still receiving the support and stability they need. Further information on the importance of freedom of movement can be found in our article on shoulder pain.
- Freedom of movement: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages low
- Flexibility: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages low
- Adaptability: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages medium
Skin tolerance
Another advantage of kinesiology taping is that it is well tolerated by the skin. Kinesiology tapes are made of breathable, skin-friendly materials that minimise the risk of skin irritation and allergies. Conventional bandages, by contrast, can often cause skin problems, particularly when worn for longer periods. The hypoallergenic properties of kinesiology tapes make them an ideal choice for patients with sensitive skin. You can find out more about skin-friendly treatment options in our section on bursa removal at the elbow.
- Skin friendliness: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages medium
- Breathability: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages low
- Risk of allergy: kinesiology taping low, conventional bandages high
Long-term benefit
The long-term benefit of kinesiology taping can also be regarded as an advantage. While conventional bandages provide only passive support, kinesiology taping promotes natural healing by improving circulation and activating the lymphatic system. This mode of action supports regeneration and can have positive long-term effects on healing. Read about combined treatment methods in our article on cartilage regeneration therapy.
- Long-term healing: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages medium
- Support for the lymphatic system: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages low
- Improvement of circulation: kinesiology taping high, conventional bandages low
Kinesiology taping is therefore an effective alternative to conventional bandages, particularly because of its flexibility, skin tolerance and long-term benefit. Further information on its use and its many advantages can be found in our other specialist articles, for example on tendon therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).
Kinesiology taping as part of the recovery process
Combining it with other therapies
Kinesiology taping can be used effectively in combination with other therapeutic methods to support and accelerate the recovery process. Common combinations include:
- Manual lymphatic drainage: lymphatic drainage can help to reduce swelling and promote healing.
- Sports medicine advice: specialist guidance on adapting training plans and rehabilitation techniques.
- Tendon therapy: supports the recovery of tendon injuries through targeted exercises and techniques.
- Radial and high-energy shockwave therapy: can be used to reduce pain and promote the healing of muscles and tendons.
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): a complementary method of pain management.
Combining these treatment methods with kinesiology taping offers a holistic approach to rehabilitation.
Important points to note
There are a few important aspects to consider when using kinesiology taping, in order to maximise its effectiveness and minimise the risk of side effects.
- Skin preparation: the skin should be clean and dry before the tape is applied, to ensure optimal adhesion.
- Wearing time: the tape can usually be worn for several days, but should be removed immediately in the event of irritation or allergic reaction.
- Care instructions: the tape can be worn while showering or swimming, but should be dried carefully to preserve its adhesion.
- Correct application: the tape should be applied by a trained therapist to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect.
Prospects of success and risks
Kinesiology taping offers considerable potential, but possible risks and side effects should also be taken into account.
- Prospects of success – potential benefit: pain reduction, support for healing, improved freedom of movement; possible risks: skin irritation, allergic reactions
- Long-term advantages – potential benefit: long-term support, promotion of muscle regeneration, reduction of chronic pain; possible risks: insufficient effect if applied incorrectly, incorrect loading
It is essential that patients regard kinesiology taping as a complement to other forms of therapy and not as a treatment on its own. Consulting a specialist or orthopaedic surgeon, for instance in cases of shoulder osteoarthritis or sports injuries, remains indispensable in order to create individual treatment plans and achieve optimal results.
